|
There is growing interest in the biologic
activities of plant extracts such as that obtained from the bark of the
French maritime pine Pinus maritima, Pycnogenol. Pycnogenol (PYC) is a
standardized extract composed of a mixture of flavonoids, mainly procyandins
and phenolic acids. Studies indicate that PYC components are highly
bioavailable. Uniquely PYC displays greater biologic effects as a mixture
than its purified components do individually indicating that the components
interact synergistically. PYC has been reported to have cardiovascular
benefits, such as a vasorelaxant activity, angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibiting activity, and the ability to enhance the microcirculation
by increasing capillary permeability. Investigations of the cellular
mechanisms of these therapeutic effects have demonstrated that PYC has
strong free radical-scavenging activity against reactive oxygen and nitrogen
species. The oligomeric components of PYC contribute significantly to the
ESR free radical signal. PYC also participates in the cellular antioxidant
network as indicated by its ability to regenerate the ascorbyl radical and
to protect endogenous vitamin E and glutathione from oxidative stress. PYC
modulates NO metabolism in activated macrophages by quenching the NO radical
and inhibiting both iNOS mRNA expression and iNOS activity. The spectrum of
different effects of NO in the circulation and the nervous system suggest
the potential applications of PYC in immune and circulatory disorders as
well as in neurodegenerative disease. PYC can bind to proteins, altering
their structure and thereby modulating the activity of key enzymes and
proteins involved in metabolic pathways. PYC effects redox-sensitive signal
transduction pathways and alters gene expression.
Packer L ,
Rimbach G ,
Virgili F Pycnogenol is the safe, effective super-antioxidant that helps to relieve many chronic degenerative disorders. Click here to Order Pycnogenol For more information: White Eagle Soaring: Dream Dancer of the 7th Fire
|